What are the classifications and main applications of punching machines?

1、 Classification of punching machines

Classified by category: pearl punching machine, laser punching machine, automatic punching machine, electric punching machine, manual punching machine.

Divided by the number of holes: single hole punching machine, 2-hole punching machine, 3-hole punching machine, 4-hole punching machine.

Punching machine accessories: punching blade gasket, punching blade, punching needle, punching pad, punching machine.

2、 Introduction to Types of Punching Machines

1. Laser punching machine

(1) Construction of laser punching machine:

Laser beam drilling machines generally consist of four main parts: solid laser, electrical system, optical system, and coordinate moving worktable.

(2) Working principle of solid-state lasers

When the laser working material yttrium aluminum garnet is excited by a light pump (excitation pulse xenon lamp), it absorbs light with a specific wavelength. Under certain conditions, it can cause the number of metastable particles in the working material to be greater than the number of low-energy particles. This phenomenon is called particle number inversion. Once a small number of excited particles generate stimulated radiation transitions, it will cause light amplification, and then oscillate through the feedback effect of the total and partial mirrors in the resonant cavity. Finally, the laser is output from one end of the resonant cavity. Laser is focused through a lens to form a high-energy beam that is irradiated on the surface of the workpiece for processing.

The electrical system includes a power supply for supplying energy to the laser and a control system for controlling the laser output mode (pulse or continuous, etc.). In the latter, sometimes it also includes an automatic control device that drives the workbench according to processing requirements. The function of the MHP-20 optical system of the electric hydraulic punching machine is to precisely focus the laser beam on the processing part of the workpiece. Therefore, it contains at least two parts: a laser focusing device and an observation aiming device.

The projection system is used to display the condition of the back of the workpiece and is equipped in relatively complete laser beam drilling machines.

The workbench is manually controlled or controlled by a CNC device, moving in the three coordinate direction for convenient and accurate adjustment of the workpiece position. The countertop of the processing area on the workbench is made of glass, as the opaque metal countertop can cause inconvenience in inspection, and the countertop may be damaged after the workpiece is punched through. There are suction and blowing devices under the focusing objective above the workbench to maintain the cleanliness of the working surface and the focusing objective.

(3) Application of laser punching machine:

Laser drilling is mainly used in industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, electronic instruments, and chemical engineering. The rapid development of laser drilling is mainly reflected in the fact that the average output power of YAG lasers used for drilling has increased from 400w five years ago to 800w to 1000w. The current mature application of laser drilling in China is in the production of artificial diamond and natural diamond drawing dies, as well as in the production of gemstone bearings for clocks and instruments, aircraft blades, multi-layer printed circuit boards, and other industries.

At present, most of the lasers used are YAG lasers, CO2 lasers, as well as some excimer lasers, isotope lasers, and semiconductor pump lasers.

2. Desktop manual punching machine

Desktop manual punching machine is the most commonly used manual punching machine in daily office work, with low price, positioning ruler, compact appearance, and desktop manual punching